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Development of combined transitional pavement structure for urban tram track-road grade crossings

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》页码 1199-1210 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0949-y

摘要： The grade crossings and adjacent pavements of urban trams are generally subjected to complex load conditions and are susceptible to damage. Therefore, in this study, a novel pavement structure between tram tracks and roads constructed using polyurethane (PU) elastic concrete and ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC), referred to as a track-road transitional pavement (TRTP), is proposed. Subsequently, its performance and feasibility are evaluated using experimental and numerical methods. First, the mechanical properties of the PU elastic concrete are evaluated. The performance of the proposed structure is investigated using a three-dimensional finite element model, where vehicle-induced dynamic and static loads are considered. The results show that PU elastic concrete and the proposed combined TRTP are applicable and functioned as intended. Additionally, the PU elastic concrete achieved sufficient performance. The recommended width of the TRTP is approximately 50 mm. Meanwhile, the application of UHPC under a PU elastic concrete layer significantly reduces vertical deformation. Results of numerical calculations confirmed the high structural performance and feasibility of the proposed TRTP. Finally, material performance standards are recommended to provide guidance for pavement design and the construction of tram-grade crossings in the future.

关键词： urban tram track grade crossing combined track-road transitional pavement polyurethane elastic concrete finite element method

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Development and road performance of clear asphalt with high transparency and adhesion

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第2期页码 238-255 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0898-x

摘要： Clear asphalt (CA) currently used in light-colored asphalt mixtures (LCAM) exhibits poor transparency and adhesion. Therefore, a highly transparent CA (HCA) modified using a silane coupling agent (KH550) was prepared. Furthermore, LCAM was prepared by mixing CA and limestone aggregates. The properties of the HCA and ordinary CA (OCA) were characterized using conventional asphalt tests, optical tests, pull-off tests, ultraviolet aging tests, dynamic shear rheometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy. Whereas Marshall, moisture resistance, wheel tracking, trabecular bending, and British pendulum tests were employed for the LCAM. The transmittance and spectral reflectance of the HCA were 123.30 and 3.74 times greater than those of the OCA, respectively. The complex modulus and viscosity-aging index of the HCA were 48% and 53% less than those of the OCA, respectively. After modification with KH550, the Marshall stability ratio, tensile strength ratio, and flexural strain of the HCA-prepared LCAM increased by 12.92%, 25.06%, and 23.90%, respectively. However, the rutting resistance of the HCA-prepared LCAM was 14.3% less than that of the OCA-prepared LCAM. The comprehensive performances of the HCA and HCA-prepared LCAM were 49.2% and 10.3% greater than those of the OCA and OCA-prepared LCAM, respectively, indicating a high application value in the future.

关键词： light-colored asphalt pavement orthogonal test road performance spectral reflectance silane-coupling agent

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Connecting the Belt and Road through sea-rail collaboration

Chenhao ZHOU, Haobin LI, Wencheng WANG, Loo Hay LEE, Ek Peng CHEW

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年第4卷第3期页码 315-324 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017031

摘要： As part of China’s “the Belt and Road” strategy, China Railway Express provides alternative shipping routes and transportation modes from Asia to Europe and creates new opportunities for intermodal transportation in the shipping industry. A time–distance-based cost (time cost) function was proposed to compare China Railway Express with traditional transportation modes. Time cost was related to different types of cargoes, which exhibit distinct sensitivity to time. Using the proposed cost function as basis, we identified the cost indifference area where total costs are equal. Further analysis was performed for selecting the transportation mode and supply area for a specific cargo. This study provides various parties, such as business owners, the government, and the shipping industry, with many valuable insights.

关键词： China Railway Express the Belt and Road shipping industry combined transportation

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Expression and clinical implication of PRL-1 and PRL-3 in transitional cell carcinoma of bladder

Bin HAO, Changwei LIU, Huixiang LI

《医学前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第2期页码 197-203 doi: 10.1007/s11684-009-0036-3

摘要： The mRNA and protein expression of phosphatase of regenerating liver 1 (PRL-1) and phosphatase of regenerating liver 3 (PRL-3) in transitional cell carcinoma of bladder (BTCC) and normal epithelia of bladder was investigated, and the relationship between the BTCC and pathological changes was clarified. The expression of PRL-1 and PRL-3 mRNA was detected by using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 30 cases of BTCC and 10 cases of normal bladder, and the expression of PRL-1 and PRL-3 protein was checked by using immunohistochemistry in 30 cases of BTCC and 15 cases of normal bladder. The expression levels of PRL-1 and PRL-3 mRNA and protein were higher in BTCC than those in normal bladder epithelia ( <0.05). The increased expression of PRL-1 and PRL-3 mRNA and protein was detectable in deep invasion and metastasis of BTCC ( <0.05). There was no correlation between the expression of PRL-1 and PRL-3 and gender, age or recurrence of BTCC (all >0.05). A significantly positive correlation was found between PRL-1 and PRL-3 in BTCC ( <0.05). PRL-1 and PRL-3 are expressed consistently and may contribute to the growth, differentiation, invasion and metastasis of BTCC.

关键词： transitional cell carcinoma of bladder phosphatase of regenerating liver 1 phosphatase of regenerating liver 3 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction immunohistochemistry

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Review on research and application of mesoporous transitional metal oxides in water treatment

Minghao SUI, Lei SHE

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第6期页码 795-802 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0521-4

摘要： This paper reviews the application of mesoporous transitional metal oxides in water treatment on basis of the catalysis and adsorption. Mesoporous transitional metal oxides are characterized by their intrinsic features, such as a high surface area, a highly ordered array of unidimensional pores with a very narrow pore size distribution, and highly dispersed active sites. Finally, the suggestions of further study on application are proposed.

关键词： mesoporous materials transitional metal oxides catalysis adsorption water treatment

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Structural pavement assessment in Germany

Lutz PINKOFSKY, Dirk JANSEN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第2期页码 183-191 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0412-z

摘要： The aging structure as well as the considerable increase of heavy-traffic load on Germany’s motorways and trunk roads encourages the use of innovative, sound and reliable methods for the structural assessment on network level as well as on project level. Essential elements for this are data, which allow a reliable assessment. For a holistic approach to structural pavement assessment performance orientated measurements will be necessary. In combination with functional parameters as well as write-down models, strategically motivated decision making processes will be useful combined with technically motivated decision processes. For the application at the network level, the available methods for performance orientated measurements are still challenging, as they are based either on testing drill-cores or on non-traffic speed methods. In recent years significant innovation steps have been made to bring traffic speed bearing capacity measurements and methods for evaluating pavement structures on the road. The paper summarizes the actual assessment procedures in Germany as well as the ongoing work on the development and implementation of new methods and techniques.

关键词： pavement assessment Germany structure system

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浇筑式沥青混凝土性能影响因素研究

王宏畅,李国芬,章登精

《中国工程科学》 2013年第15卷第8期页码 70-74

摘要：

浇筑式沥青混凝土具有较高的变形随从性而在钢桥面铺装上得到了很多的应用，为研究浇筑式沥青混凝土的性能影响因素，采用4种合成级配、3种沥青用量，系统评价了各因素对浇筑式沥青混凝土性能的影响。通过流动度试验和贯入度试验确定最佳含油量，由高温车辙试验和低温弯曲试验进行路用性能检验。研究表明，级配形式和沥青含油量变化对混合料的性能指标的影响较大，因此，实际施工时应严格控制混合料的级配和沥青用量。

关键词：道路工程钢桥面铺装浇筑沥青混凝土流动度贯入度车辙

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面向未来低碳道路养护的超薄罩面功能性研究综述 Review

郭猛, 张瑞, 杜修力, 刘鹏飞

《工程（英文）》 2024年第32卷第1期页码 83-99 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.03.020

摘要：

截至2021年，中国公路养护总里程达到525万公里。超薄罩面作为最常用的路面养护技术之一，可以显著提高路面的经济效益和环境效益。为了促进超薄罩面的低碳发展，本文主要研究了超薄罩面几种功能性的作用机理及影响因素。首先，对超薄罩面的抗滑性能、降噪性能、抗车辙性能和抗裂性能进行了评价。结果表明，优质集料可使超薄罩面的抗滑和抗车辙性能提高5 %~20 %。优化后的级配及改性胶结料可将超薄罩面的噪音降低0.4~6.0 dB。高粘度改性胶结料可使超薄罩面混合料的抗车辙性能提高10 %~130 %。玄武岩纤维可使超薄罩面的抗裂性提升20 %以上。由于超薄罩面具有更薄的厚度及更好的道路性能，其基于性能的工程成本与传统罩面相比，可降低30 %~40 %。其次，研究了超薄罩面的几种环保功能，包括融雪除冰、废气降解和路面降温。由于超薄罩面的厚度较薄，有利于氯化物融雪材料向路表的扩散。因此，自融雪超薄罩面的融雪效果较好。此外，含有光催化材料的超薄罩面混合料可以分解20 %~50 %的尾气污染物。彩色超薄罩面最高能够将路面温度降低8.1 ℃。而含有热阻材料的超薄罩面的上下表面温差最高可达12.8 ℃。此外，本文总结了功能型超薄罩面在全世界的一些典型工程应用。本综述有助于研究人员更好地理解超薄罩面的功能性，同时可促进未来多功能低碳道路养护的实现。

关键词：道路养护超薄罩面融雪除冰尾气降解路面降温低碳

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Robust optimization of the billet for isothermal local loading transitional region of a Ti-alloy rib-web

Ke WEI, Xiaoguang FAN, Mei ZHAN, Miao MENG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第13卷第3期页码 376-384 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0500-3

摘要：

Billet optimization can greatly improve the forming quality of the transitional region in the isothermal local loading forming (ILLF) of large-scale Ti-alloy rib-web components. However, the final quality of the transitional region may be deteriorated by uncontrollable factors, such as the manufacturing tolerance of the preforming billet, fluctuation of the stroke length, and friction factor. Thus, a dual-response surface method (RSM)-based robust optimization of the billet was proposed to address the uncontrollable factors in transitional region of the ILLF. Given that the die underfilling and folding defect are two key factors that influence the forming quality of the transitional region, minimizing the mean and standard deviation of the die underfilling rate and avoiding folding defect were defined as the objective function and constraint condition in robust optimization. Then, the cross array design was constructed, a dual-RSM model was established for the mean and standard deviation of the die underfilling rate by considering the size parameters of the billet and uncontrollable factors. Subsequently, an optimum solution was derived to achieve the robust optimization of the billet. A case study on robust optimization was conducted. Good results were attained for improving the die filling and avoiding folding defect, suggesting that the robust optimization of the billet in the transitional region of the ILLF was efficient and reliable.

关键词： isothermal local loading forming rib-web component transitional region robust optimization dual response surface method

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Pavement sustainability index for highway infrastructures: A case study of Maryland

Stella O. OBAZEE-IGBINEDION, Oludare OWOLABI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第2期页码 192-200 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0413-y

摘要： Pavement deterioration creates conditions that undermine their performances, which gives rise to the need for maintenance and rehabilitation. This paper develops a mathematical multi-linear regression analysis (MLRA) model to determine a pavement sustainability index ( ) as dependent variable for flexible pavements in Maryland. Four categories of pavement performance evaluation indicators are subdivided into seven pavement condition indices and analyzed as independent variables for each section of pavement. Data are collected from five different roadways using field evaluations and existing database. Results indicate that coefficient of determination ( ) is correlated and significant, = 0.959. Of the seven independent variables, present serviceability index ( ) is the most significant with a coefficient value of 0.032, present serviceability rating ( ) coefficient value= 0.028, and international roughness index ( ) coefficient value= ?0.001. Increasing each unit value of coefficients for and would increase the value of ; thereby providing a more sustainable pavement infrastructure; which explains the significance of the model and why will most likely impact environmental, economic and social values.

关键词： pavement indices sustainability pavement performance flexible pavements

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Performance of steel bridge deck pavement structure with ultra high performance concrete based on resin

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第4期页码 895-904 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0759-z

摘要： This research investigated a pavement system on steel bridge decks that use epoxy resin (EP) bonded ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). Through FEM analysis and static and dynamic bending fatigue tests of the composite structure, the influences of the interface of the pavement layer, reinforcement, and different paving materials on the structural performance were compared and analyzed. The results show that the resin bonded UHPC pavement structure can reduce the weld strain in the steel plate by about 32% and the relative deflection between ribs by about 52% under standard axial load conditions compared to traditional pavements. The EP bonding layer can nearly double the drawing strength of the pavement interface from 1.3 MPa, and improve the bending resistance of the UHPC structure on steel bridge decks by about 50%; the bending resistance of reinforced UHPC structures is twice that of unreinforced UHPC structure, and the dynamic deflection of the UHPC pavement structure increases exponentially with increasing fatigue load. The fatigue life is about 1.2 × 10⁷ cycles under a fixed force of 9 kN and a dynamic deflection of 0.35 mm, which meets the requirements for fatigue performance of pavements on steel bridge decks under traffic conditions of large flow and heavy load.

关键词： steel bridge deck pavement ultra-high-performance concrete epoxy resin composite structure bending fatigue performance

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“Fast Track” nasogastric decompression of rectal cancer surgery

Ka Li, Zongguang Zhou, Zengrong Chen, Yi Zhang, Cun Wang

《医学前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第3期页码 306-309 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0154-6

摘要： This study evaluates the application of fast track (FT) nasogastric decompression in patients who underwent anterior resection of rectal cancer. A randomized control trial was performed comparing the group with the fast track treatment ( =β57) and the group with traditional nasogastric decompression ( =β84). Preoperative characteristics and postoperative recovery indices were recorded and analyzed. The results indicate no significant differences in gender ( =β0.614), age ( =β0.653), tumor location ( =β0.113), and TNM stages ( =β0.054) were observed between the 2 groups. The differences in the type of resection, anastomosis, and adoption of protective colostomy were all not significant between the FT and the traditional group. During the first 24 hours after surgery, the volume of nasogastric drainage averaged 197 ml in the FT group and 155 ml in the traditional group ( =β0.197). The initiation of test-meal ( =β0.000), semiliquid diet ( =β0.002), and ordinary diet ( =β0.008) were all significantly shorter in the FT group. Furthermore, compared with the other group, the patients in the FT group enjoyed earlier removal of the abdominal drainage, urinary catheter, and shorter hospital stays ( =β0.000). Based on a correlation test, the duration of nasogastric decompression is related to the time of test-meal and semiliquid diet. The routine usage of nasogastric decompression in rectal surgery is unnecessary. The fast track procedure might help in facilitating postoperative functional and diet recovery, reducing the time of catheterization, and shortening hospital stay.

关键词： fast track nasogastric decompression rectal cancer surgery

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客运专线无砟轨道铁路线下结构沉降变形观测与评估技术

李明领

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第1期页码 48-59

摘要：

为满足高速列车安全、舒适性的需要，保证线路的高平顺性，无碴轨道的铺设与运营对路基、桥涵、隧道等线下结构的工后沉降要求非常严格, 追求“零沉降”理念。以武广铁路客运专线为基础，系统地介绍了线下结构物沉降变形观测关键技术，数据管理与分析预测系统，提出了工后沉降的预测方法及评估条件与标准，合理确定无碴轨道开始铺设时间，以保证客运专线无碴轨道结构铺设的质量。并提出了一些体会和建议，为正在建设的无砟轨道客运专线提供借鉴。

关键词：客运专线无砟轨道沉降变形观测分析评估无碴轨道铺设条件

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Finite element modeling of environmental effects on rigid pavement deformation

Sunghwan KIM,Halil CEYLAN,Kasthurirangan GOPALAKRISHNAN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第2期页码 101-114 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0254-x

摘要： In this study, finite element (FE)-based primary pavement response models are employed for investigating the early-age deformation characteristics of jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCP) under environmental effects. The FE-based ISLAB (two-and-one-half-dimensional) and EverFE (three-dimensional) software were used to conduct the response analysis. Sensitivity analyses of input parameters used in ISLAB and EverFE were conducted based on field and laboratory test data collected from instrumented pavements on highway US-34 near Burlington, Iowa. Based on the combination of input parameters and equivalent temperatures established from preliminary studies, FE analyses were performed and compared with the field measurements. Comparisons between field measured and computed deformations showed that both FE programs could produce reasonably accurate estimates of actual slab deformations due to environmental effects using the equivalent temperature difference concept.

关键词： jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCP) curling and warping sensitivity analyses rigid pavement analysis and design finite element analysis (FEA)